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Venkatnarayanan, R.
- Acute and Subacute Toxicity study of Milnacipran Hydrochloride in Wistar rats by Oral Route
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Authors
D. Benito Johnson
1,
R. Suresh
1,
Prakash Rao Prathima
1,
R. Venkatnarayanan
1,
P. M. Ashir Ahammad
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 5, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 51-57Abstract
Toxicity of a substance is nothing but unwanted or series of adverse events that was initiated after administration of particular chemical, physical or biological agent. Acute toxicity study aim is to determine the occurred toxic manifestation of the administered test substance after expose to animals in one or more doses for a period of 14 days. The study provides the information or determination of therapeutic index, i.e. T.I. = LD50/ ED 50. Sub-acute toxicity testing evaluates the toxic effects of drug on repeated exposure and also provides the information on delayed and cumulative effect of the chemicals on the tissues or other biochemical mechanisms Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. The symptoms of depression are often subtle and unrecognized both by patients and by physicians. Major depression remains difficult to treat, despite the wide array of registered antidepressant. Milnacipran is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder and management of fibromyalgia. Milnacipran inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake in a 3:1 ratio, in practical use this means a balanced (equal) action upon both transmitter.Keywords
Milancipran, Depression, Acute Toxicity, Sub-Acute Toxicity
References
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- Hussam A. Yacoub, DO, MS, William G. Johnson, MD and Nizar Souayah, MD; Serotonin Syndrome After Administration of Milnacipran For Fibromyalgia; American Academy of Neurology; Neurology 23, 2010, Vol. 74.
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- Wound Healing and Anti Bacterial Activity of the Leaves Extracts of Jasminum grandiflorum Linn
Abstract Views :243 |
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Authors
T. Raja Sekharan
1,
M. Syam Mohan
2,
P. Natarajan
3,
A. S. William
3,
Arputha Sundar
3,
A. Thanga Thirupathi
3,
R. Venkatnarayanan
4
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics , Sankaralingam Bhuvaneswari College of Pharmacy, Anaikuttam – 626 130, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 UPM Makna Cancer Research Lab, Serdang - 43400, Selangor, MY
3 Sankaralingam Bhuvaneswari College of Pharmacy, Anaikuttam – 626 130, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutics , Sankaralingam Bhuvaneswari College of Pharmacy, Anaikuttam – 626 130, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 UPM Makna Cancer Research Lab, Serdang - 43400, Selangor, MY
3 Sankaralingam Bhuvaneswari College of Pharmacy, Anaikuttam – 626 130, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641 402, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 6 (2010), Pagination: 388-391Abstract
Petroleum ether, Chloroform, Ethanol and Aqueous extracts of Jasminum grandiflorum Linn leaves were tested for wound healing and antibacterial activity. Investigation were undertaken to screen the wound healing activity of different extracts of the leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum Linn on excision wound models in albino rats. The aqueous extracts shows significance wound healing activity when compared to the standard (Povidone iodine ointments). Other extract also shows wound healing activity but the wound contraction was less when compared to aqueous extracts and standard. For Salmonella typhi the zone of inhibition for petroleum ether extract is equal and for chloroform extract it is more active compared to that of the standard (Ciprofloxacin disc 5mcg/disc). Ethanolic extract is more active against Staphylococcus aureus than other microorganisms. Aqueous extract is more effective against Streptococcus pyogen and less active against Proteus when compared to the standard.Keywords
Jasminum Grandiflorum Linn; Antibacterial Activity, Wound Healing Activity.References
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- In Vivo Anti-Snake Venom Activity of Methanol Extract of Leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus in Mice
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore Tamilnadu, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore Tamilnadu, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 6, No 3 (2014), Pagination: 126-128Abstract
Aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo anti-snake venom activity of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus were studied against Cobra (Naja Naja) venom. The in vivo study was carried out by using Swiss albino mice in modifying the lethal effect of the test dose of the Cobra venom. In in vivo model the effectiveness of the extract was evaluated by oral administration of two different doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus 5 minutes prior to the injection of the venom and the percentage of mortality was observed. The extract markedly decreased the percentage of mortality in venom induced toxicity in mice at the dose of 400mg/kg b.w which indicates the significant anti-snake venom activity of the plant there by justifying its use in the indigenous system of medicine. The present study has confirmed the ethnomedical use of the plant for the treatment of snake bite.Keywords
Snake venom, Naja Naja, Orthosiphon stamineus, Leaves, Mice.References
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- Galyuteva, G.I., N.A. Benson, Comparative evaluation of the diuretic activity of leaves and leaf tissue culture biomass of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. Rastite 'Nye Resursy; 1990; 26 (4); 559-565.
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